How we cite our quotes: (Book.Chapter.Paragraph)
Quote #7
Marriage is encouraged in China, not by the profitableness of children, but by the liberty of destroying them. (1.8.24)
Smith plays into the cultural prejudice of his day when he talks about how much the people of China like to murder their babies for fun. It's clear that he's probably getting this opinion from the general racism of his day.
Quote #8
China, however, though it may perhaps stand still, does not seem to go backwards. (1.8.25)
For Smith, China is a poor country with a huge population that doesn't seem to be advancing at all. Talk about China like that today, though, and you'll get laughed out of the room.
Quote #9
In consequence of the representations of Columbus, the council of Castile determined to take possession of countries of which the inhabitants were plainly incapable of defending themselves. (4.7.6)
Once Columbus came back from his first trip to America, he had little trouble convincing the king and queen of Spain to kill the native peoples and take the land over for themselves. That's because people at the time felt that Europe had a natural right to conquer anything that was less advanced than it.