How we cite our quotes: (Book.Chapter.Paragraph)
Quote #4
Tai once said: 'Kashmiris are different. Cowards, for instance. Put a gun in a Kashmiri's hand and it will have to go off by itself-he'll never dare to pull the trigger. We are not like Indians, always making battles.' Aziz, with Tai in his head, does not feel Indian. Kashmir, after all, is not strictly speaking a part of the Empire, but an independent princely state. (1.2.45)
A brief history note: Even though Kashmir is now part of India (mostly), it wasn't always that way. Before independence, Kashmir was an independent princely state. It wanted to stay that way after independence, but since Pakistan started invading them, they decided to side with India. So what Tai said might seem weird, but they were a totally different country at the time.
Quote #5
I started off as a Kashmiri and not much of a Muslim. Then I got a bruise on the chest that turned me into an Indian. (1.3.11)
These are the words of Aadam Aziz. He's saying that he started off as Kashmiri because Kashmir was an independent princely state. He wasn't much of a Muslim because he renounced religion when he broke his nose praying. The bruise on his chest that turned him into an Indian was the one that he got when he fell during the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. It turned him into an Indian because, though before he'd felt that it wasn't his fight, he realized that independence was important for him too.
Quote #6
'He fills their heads with I don't know what foreign languages, whatsitsname, and other rubbish also, no doubt.' Daoud stirred pots and Reverend Mother cried, 'Do you wonder, whatsitsname, that the little one calls herself Emerald? In English, whatsitsname? That man will ruin my children for me. (1.3.18)
The Reverend Mother, a.k.a. Naseem Aziz, hates anything foreign. However, if she didn't want her children to be a little weird, she shouldn't have married Aadam Aziz, the guy who got run out of his home because of his foreignness.