[...] With starry finger-points the Almighty marks the passage of time upon the dial of the universe [...] (37)
Debs is getting intensely metaphorical here. The image of the "dial of the universe" implies a lot about how Socialists must measure success.
Quote #5
[…] the midnight is passing, and joy cometh with the morning. (38)
Again with the metaphors. This day/night imagery can be applied to Debs as well—his darkest hour may be his time behind bars, but it's also his most triumphant.