How we cite our quotes: (Section.Paragraph)
Quote #7
What else does the history of ideas prove, than that intellectual production changes its character in proportion as material production is changed? The ruling ideas of each age have ever been the ideas of its ruling class. (Section2.58)
Marx argues that the worker takes on the ideas of the economic system under which he or she works. For example, a factory worker will come to value efficiency because that's what the factory values. It might actually be in the worker's best interest to be inefficient, thereby decreasing the bourgeoisie's exploitation of workers' labor, but the worker won't think of that, because he or she has taken on the values of the exploiting class.
Quote #8
The proletariat will use its political supremacy to wrest, by degrees, all capital from the bourgeoisie, to centralise all instruments of production in the hands of the State, i.e., of the proletariat organised as the ruling class; and to increase the total of productive forces as rapidly as possible. (Section2.68)
Marx argues that in order for the workers to exercise political power effectively, they must take all the means of production (like factories and agricultural land) away from the bourgeoisie and instead arrange these means under the vanguard state, a temporary transitional government. The State will now represent the proletariat as a whole, intent on abolishing class distinctions instead of serving the profit interests of the bourgeoisie.
Quote #9
When, in the course of development, class distinctions have disappeared, and all production has been concentrated in the hands of a vast association of the whole nation, the public power will lose its political character. Political power, properly so called, is merely the organised power of one class for oppressing another. If the proletariat during its contest with the bourgeoisie is compelled, by the force of circumstances, to organise itself as a class, if, by means of a revolution, it makes itself the ruling class, and, as such, sweeps away by force the old conditions of production, then it will, along with these conditions, have swept away the conditions for the existence of class antagonisms and of classes generally, and will thereby have abolished its own supremacy as a class. (Section2.72)
Marx believes that when the proletariat comes to power, instead of subjugating the bourgeoisie and becoming its own ruling class intent on exploiting other workers, it'll completely change the fabric of society so that class strife and indeed the whole idea of classes will no longer exist. Therefore, the proletariat will no longer need to maintain political power, and the temporary government will come to an end on its own.